303. Range Sum Query - Immutable

Given an integer array nums, find the sum of the elements between indices i and j (i ≤ j), inclusive.

Example:

Given nums = [-2, 0, 3, -5, 2, -1]

sumRange(0, 2) -> 1
sumRange(2, 5) -> -1
sumRange(0, 5) -> -3

Note:

1. You may assume that the array does not change.
2. There are many calls to sumRange function.

Solution:

This is a prefix sum problem.

We define sum[i] = num[0] + num[1] + ... + num[i - 1].

A range sum sum(i, j) is

num[0] + num[1] + ... + num[j] - (num[0] + num[1] + ... + num[i - 1])

= sum[j + 1] - sum[i]



Code:

public class NumArray {

    public int[] sum;
    public NumArray(int[] nums) {
        sum = new int[nums.length + 1];
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            sum[i + 1] = sum[i] + nums[i];
        }
    }
    
    public int sumRange(int i, int j) {
        return sum[j + 1] - sum[i];
    }
}

/**
 * Your NumArray object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * NumArray obj = new NumArray(nums);
 * int param_1 = obj.sumRange(i,j);
 */